Cooking ScientistGet the app
20-minute experiment

Watch sugar turn to caramel

Pale, amber, dark: three flavors from one ingredient.

The idea

Sugar cooked longer gets darker and more bitter, and the flavor changes at each stage.

The one thing you change: Cooking time

You need

  • 1/2 cup sugar
  • 2 tbsp water
  • A light-colored pan
  • Three metal spoons and a heatproof plate

Steps

What you should find

Pale gold is sweet and buttery, amber is richer, and deep brown is bitter and smoky.

The science behind it

Caramelize sugar without burning

Table sugar begins to caramelize near 160°C (320°F) and reaches deep amber near 175°C (350°F), with nutty, toasty flavors. Past that it turns bitter. Amber…

Read the explainer

Track it in The Lab

Run all 40 experiments in the app, note what you tasted, and unlock the lesson that explains it.

Download on theApp Store